American computer engineer, Elizabeth (Jake) Feinler, was born in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, on March 2, 1931. In Menlo Park, California. She passed on June 3, 2021. Feinler is renowned for her role in the early days of the ARPANET project and her contribution to the growth of the internet. Her academic accomplishments include earning a Master of Library Science from the University of California, Berkeley and a Bachelor of Arts degree in Mathematics and Chemistry from Dominican College in San Rafael, California. She oversaw the ARPANET's central directory while employed as the Director of the Network Information Center (NIC) at SRI International. Feinler's contributions to computer science include the development of the Host Naming Registry, which assigned unique names to the computers on the ARPANET, and the creation of the first directory of ARPANET users. She also played a huge role in the development of the Domain Name System (DNS), which is now used to identify and locate computers and other resources on the internet. Feinler was the primary author of RFC 799, which described the first version of the Internet Protocol (IP). She was also involved in the development of the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP). Feinler made substantial contributions to computer science, particularly in the creation of the internet.
Karlheinz Brandenburg is a mathematician and electrical engineer from Germany. Randenburg earned a Dipl. Ing. degree in Electrical Engineering from Erlangen University in 1980, as well as a Dipl. Math. degree in Mathematics (1982). He received his PhD in Electrical Engineering from Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg in 1989 for his work on digital audio coding and perceptual measurement techniques. He invented the widely used MP3 audio data compression method. We is also well-known for his fundamental contributions to audio coding, perception measurement, wave field synthesis, and psychoacoustics. Brandenburg worked on a project in the early 1980s called a "digital jukebox." She imagined a system in which users could connect to a central server and listen to music on demand over ISDN phone lines. However, ISDN's bandwidth is an order of magnitude too narrow for CD-quality digital audio transmission. His dissertation research results are the foundation of MPEG-1 Layer 3 (mp3), MPEG-2 Advanced Audio Coding (AAC), and most other modern audio compression schemes. The international MPEG group, led by the Italian engineer Leonardo Chiariglione of CSELT, adopted mp3 as an international ISO standard. Brandenburg's work has earned him numerous national and international research awards, prizes, and honors. From 1989 to 1990, he worked on ASPEC and MPEG-1 Layer 3 at AT&T Bell Laboratories in Murray Hill, New Jersey, USA. He returned to the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg in 1990, and in 1993 he was appointed head of the Audio/Multimedia department at the Fraunhofer Institute for Integrated Circuits in Erlangen. He has been a full professor at the Institute for Media Technology at the Technical University of IlmenauH since 2000. He also serves as director of the Fraunhofer Institute for Digital Media Technology IDMT in Ilmenau as well.
Hedy Lamarr was an Austrian-American actress and inventor who pioneered the technology that would one day form the basis for today’s wireless communication systems. For this she is known as the "Mother of WiFi." As a natural beauty seen widely on big screen in films, society has long ignored her inventive genius. She and George Antheil became concerned sbout the loomihg war in Europe and collaborated to invent an extraordinary new communication system used with the intention of guiding torpedoes to their targets. The system involved the use of “frequency hopping” amongst radio waves, with both transmitter and receiver hopping to new frequencies together. In 1997, she was honored with the special award for “trail-blazing development of a technology that has become a key component of wireless data systems. Although she died in 2000, Lamarr was inducted into the National Inventors Hall of Fame for the development of her frequency hopping technology.